Lksd Kipnuk HS
Community water system in Kipnuk, Bethel Census Area, Alaska, serving 80 people from surface water. 7 rules violated in the past three years, 2 still unresolved. Owned by state or territorial government.
Quarterly compliance history
2023
2023
2024
2024
2024
2024
2025
2025
2025
2025
2026
2026
2026
Currently in violation
EPA data updated Oct 7, 2026
Revised Total Coliform Rule
Monitoring ViolationOther Violation
6 violations, Apr 2016 to open
Revised Total Coliform Rule
Monitoring ViolationOther Violation6 violations, Apr 2016 to open
Other Violation: 1 violation, open since Apr 2016. A requirement other than monitoring, reporting, or a contaminant limit, such as public notice or the annual water quality report.
Monitoring Violation: 5 violations, Nov 2025 to Mar 2026. The system did not complete required monitoring. This does not show that a contaminant was found.
What the rule requires: The 2013 RTCR (effective 2016) replaced the original TCR. It triggers automatic E. coli testing whenever total coliform is found. A single E. coli-positive sample is an acute MCL violation. It also requires systems exceeding 5% total coliform-positive samples to conduct a formal assessment and correct any deficiencies, helping prevent contamination before it escalates.
About this rule
Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Maximum Contaminant Level ViolationMonitoring and Reporting
Health-based
7 violations, Oct 2023 to open · 2 contaminants · 2 measured values
Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Maximum Contaminant Level ViolationMonitoring and Reporting Health-based7 violations, Oct 2023 to open · 2 contaminants · 2 measured values
Monitoring and Reporting: 5 violations, 1 still open, Oct 2023 to open. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.
Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, health-based: 2 violations, Jul 2025 to Mar 2026. A sample exceeded the maximum contaminant level EPA allows in drinking water.
Limit 0.06 MG/L · Oct to Dec 2025
Limit 0.06 MG/L · Jul to Sep 2025
Contaminants on the record: Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5), TTHM (Total Trihalomethanes).
Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5), health effects: Dichloroacetic acid is a probable human carcinogen (Group B2). Long-term exposure to trichloroacetic acid may also increase cancer risk. Animal studies show liver, kidney, and reproductive effects at high doses. Limit: 0.060 mg/L (60 ppb) locational running annual average (LRAA)
TTHM (Total Trihalomethanes), health effects: Long-term exposure is associated with increased bladder cancer risk. Some studies link high TTHM exposure to adverse reproductive outcomes. Bromodichloromethane is classified as a possible human carcinogen. Limit: 0.080 mg/L (80 ppb) locational running annual average (LRAA)
Also violated in the past three years
Jul to Sep 2023 to Jul to Sep 2026
Surface Water Treatment Rule
Monitoring and Reporting
5 violations, Sep 2024 to Mar 2026
Surface Water Treatment Rule
Monitoring and Reporting5 violations, Sep 2024 to Mar 2026
Monitoring and Reporting: 5 violations, Sep 2024 to Mar 2026. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.
What the rule requires: All systems using surface water (rivers, lakes, reservoirs) or groundwater under surface influence (GWUDI) must filter and disinfect. Treatment technique violations mean the system failed to maintain adequate disinfectant residual, exceeded turbidity limits, or lacked required permits. Snowmelt and storm events can raise turbidity and pathogen loads in surface water.
About this rule
Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Monitoring and Reporting
2 violations, Nov 2025 to Dec 2025 · Chlorine (MRDL)
Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Monitoring and Reporting2 violations, Nov 2025 to Dec 2025 · Chlorine (MRDL)
Monitoring and Reporting: 2 violations, Nov 2025 to Dec 2025. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.
Contaminant on the record: Chlorine (MRDL).
Volatile Organic Chemicals
Monitoring and Reporting
21 violations, Jan 2023 to Aug 2024 · 21 contaminants
Volatile Organic Chemicals
Monitoring and Reporting21 violations, Jan 2023 to Aug 2024 · 21 contaminants
Monitoring and Reporting: 21 violations, Jan 2023 to Aug 2024. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.
Contaminants on the record: 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene, cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene, Xylenes, Total, Dichloromethane (Methylene Chloride), o-Dichlorobenzene, p-Dichlorobenzene, Vinyl Chloride, 1,1-Dichloroethylene, trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene, 1,2-Dichloroethane, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Carbon Tetrachloride, 1,2-Dichloropropane, Trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,2-Trichloroethane, Tetrachloroethylene (PCE), Chlorobenzene, Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Styrene.
Lead and Copper Rule
Monitoring and Reporting
2 violations, Jan 2023 to Jun 2026
Lead and Copper Rule
Monitoring and Reporting2 violations, Jan 2023 to Jun 2026
Monitoring and Reporting: 2 violations, Jan 2023 to Jun 2026. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.
What the rule requires: The 1991 LCR uses action levels rather than MCLs: if the 90th percentile of high-risk tap samples exceeds 15 ppb lead or 1.3 mg/L copper, the system must take escalating corrective actions. Violations typically indicate failure to maintain adequate corrosion control — the treatment that keeps lead from leaching out of pipes, solder, and fixtures.
About this rule
Public Notice Rule and Revised PN Rule
Other Violation
1 violation, Mar 2022 to Aug 2024 · Public Notification Rule
Public Notice Rule and Revised PN Rule
Other Violation1 violation, Mar 2022 to Aug 2024 · Public Notification Rule
Other Violation: 1 violation, Mar 2022 to Aug 2024. A requirement other than monitoring, reporting, or a contaminant limit, such as public notice or the annual water quality report.
Contaminant on the record: Public Notification Rule.
Lead and copper at the tap
The 90th percentile of the tap samples the system collected in its latest monitoring period, against EPA's action level. Levels vary between homes.
Action level 0.015 mg/L · Jan 2023 to Dec 2025
Action level 1.3 mg/L · Jul to Dec 2004
About this data
Rules violated and the list above come from EPA's SDWIS violation records, one row per violation and contaminant, grouped by the rule each row belongs to. A violation counts when its non-compliance period ended on or after Jul 1, 2023, the start of the thirteen quarters ECHO's three-year figures cover, or is still open; it is unresolved when it was still open at EPA's data refresh on Oct 7, 2026. EPA's rule code 500, "Not Regulated", is left out, as in ECHO's counts. Each rule's violation count is EPA's, and one rule can carry several: a missed monitoring round for a group of contaminants is one violation per contaminant and period. Category names are EPA's violation categories.
ECHO's own summary count of rules violated agrees with this grouping for 98.8% of active systems nationally, and its count of rules being violated for 98.7%; where they differ, the figures here follow the rows listed.
A measured value shown with a rule is the sample result EPA recorded with that violation (SDWIS viol_measure), against the limit EPA recorded on the same row (state_mcl), both in EPA's unit as written; violations without a recorded value, such as missed monitoring, show none. Other measured contaminant levels are not part of this record; each system publishes them in its annual Consumer Confidence Report.
Lead and copper are the newest 90th-percentile results in EPA's SDWA data download (LCR_SAMPLES, codes PB90 and CU90): for each monitoring period a system reports the 90th-percentile value of its tap samples, which EPA compares with its action level of 0.015 mg/L for lead and 1.3 mg/L for copper (40 CFR 141.80). A result is not a measurement of any one tap.
The system's location is the centre of the first town EPA lists the system as serving, from Census Bureau place files.
Source: the U.S. EPA's Enforcement and Compliance History Online system (ECHO), which publishes the federal Safe Drinking Water Information System. EPA's terms and values are shown as published. The Alaska records are from EPA's data refresh of Oct 7, 2026; EPA refreshes this data quarterly, and states report to EPA with a lag of three to six months, so the newest violations may not appear yet.