Kickapoo Tribal Waterworks

Monitoring Violation: 1 violation, Oct 2023 to Nov 2023. The system did not complete required monitoring. This does not show that a contaminant was found.

What the rule requires: The 2013 RTCR (effective 2016) replaced the original TCR. It triggers automatic E. coli testing whenever total coliform is found. A single E. coli-positive sample is an acute MCL violation. It also requires systems exceeding 5% total coliform-positive samples to conduct a formal assessment and correct any deficiencies, helping prevent contamination before it escalates.

Treatment Technique Violation, health-based: 11 violations, Jan 2024 to May 2025. The system did not carry out a required treatment process or corrective action.

Monitoring and Reporting: 6 violations, Jan 2024 to Jun 2026. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.

Other Violation: 1 violation, Dec 2024 to Mar 2025. A requirement other than monitoring, reporting, or a contaminant limit, such as public notice or the annual water quality report.

Contaminant on the record: Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule.

Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, health effects: Violations indicate failure to meet treatment technique requirements that reduce exposure to Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and other microbial pathogens. Cryptosporidium poses the greatest risk to immunocompromised individuals, infants, and the elderly, and can cause severe or fatal illness in vulnerable populations. Limit: Treatment technique — no numeric MCL; compliance means meeting turbidity limits (0.3 NTU in 95% of monthly samples) and Cryptosporidium removal benchmarks

Treatment Technique Violation, health-based: 4 violations, Nov 2022 to Oct 2024. The system did not carry out a required treatment process or corrective action.

Monitoring and Reporting: 1 violation, Dec 2023 to Feb 2024. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.

What the rule requires: The LT2 ESWTR (2006) required all surface water and GWUDI systems to monitor source water for Cryptosporidium, then apply additional treatment based on measured concentrations. Higher-bin systems (more oocysts detected) must install advanced treatment — UV disinfection, ozone, or membrane filtration — beyond the original SWTR requirements.

Health effects: Cryptosporidium is a chlorine-resistant protozoan parasite that causes cryptosporidiosis — severe watery diarrhea, cramping, nausea, and fever. In immunocompromised individuals (HIV/AIDS, transplant recipients), it can be life-threatening and prolonged. Infants and the elderly are also at elevated risk. LT2 violations indicate failure to complete monitoring or apply the required additional treatment tier. Limit: Treatment technique — additional Cryptosporidium treatment based on bin classification

Treatment Technique Violation, health-based: 1 violation, Jul 2024 to Jul 2024. The system did not carry out a required treatment process or corrective action.

Monitoring and Reporting: 23 violations, Sep 2023 to Jun 2026. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.

What the rule requires: All systems using surface water (rivers, lakes, reservoirs) or groundwater under surface influence (GWUDI) must filter and disinfect. Treatment technique violations mean the system failed to maintain adequate disinfectant residual, exceeded turbidity limits, or lacked required permits. Snowmelt and storm events can raise turbidity and pathogen loads in surface water.

Health effects: Without proper filtration/disinfection: Giardia lamblia (severe diarrhea, cramping), Cryptosporidium (life-threatening for immunocompromised individuals), viruses (hepatitis A, norovirus). Turbidity itself is not a health risk but can shield pathogens from disinfection. Limit: Treatment technique: turbidity ≤0.3 NTU in 95% of monthly samples; detectable disinfectant residual in 95% of distribution samples

Treatment Technique Violation, health-based: 8 violations, Jul 2024 to Jun 2026. The system did not carry out a required treatment process or corrective action.

Contaminant on the record: Carbon, Total.

Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, health-based: 2 violations, Oct 2024 to Sep 2025. A sample exceeded the maximum contaminant level EPA allows in drinking water.

Contaminant on the record: TTHM (Total Trihalomethanes).

TTHM (Total Trihalomethanes), health effects: Long-term exposure is associated with increased bladder cancer risk. Some studies link high TTHM exposure to adverse reproductive outcomes. Bromodichloromethane is classified as a possible human carcinogen. Limit: 0.080 mg/L (80 ppb) locational running annual average (LRAA)

Monitoring and Reporting: 7 violations, Jan 2023 to Dec 2025. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.

Contaminants on the record: Diquat, Endothall, Glyphosate, Oxamyl (Vydate), Atrazine, 2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin).

Other Violation: 2 violations, Jul 2023 to Jul 2024. A requirement other than monitoring, reporting, or a contaminant limit, such as public notice or the annual water quality report.

What the rule requires: Community water systems must deliver an annual water quality report (Consumer Confidence Report) to all customers by July 1, covering the previous year. It must list all detected contaminants, compare them to MCLs, identify source water, and include educational language about lead. A violation means the report was not delivered on time or was incomplete.