Rowena WSC

Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, health-based: 9 violations, Jul 2023 to Nov 2025. A sample exceeded the maximum contaminant level EPA allows in drinking water.

Contaminant on the record: TTHM (Total Trihalomethanes).

TTHM (Total Trihalomethanes), health effects: Long-term exposure is associated with increased bladder cancer risk. Some studies link high TTHM exposure to adverse reproductive outcomes. Bromodichloromethane is classified as a possible human carcinogen. Limit: 0.080 mg/L (80 ppb) locational running annual average (LRAA)

Treatment Technique Violation, health-based: 3 violations, Dec 2022 to Jan 2025. The system did not carry out a required treatment process or corrective action.

Monitoring and Reporting: 5 violations, Jul 2022 to Jan 2025. The system did not complete required monitoring, or did not report the results on time. This does not show that a contaminant was found.

What the rule requires: The 1991 LCR uses action levels rather than MCLs: if the 90th percentile of high-risk tap samples exceeds 15 ppb lead or 1.3 mg/L copper, the system must take escalating corrective actions. Violations typically indicate failure to maintain adequate corrosion control — the treatment that keeps lead from leaching out of pipes, solder, and fixtures.

Health effects: Lead: no safe level for children. Causes irreversible neurological damage, impaired cognitive development, behavioral problems, and reduced IQ in children under 6. In adults: hypertension, cardiovascular disease, kidney damage. Copper: acute gastrointestinal distress at high levels; liver/kidney damage at very high chronic levels. Limit: Action levels: lead 15 ppb, copper 1.3 mg/L — 90th percentile of tap samples at high-risk sites

Reporting Violation: 1 violation, Jul 2025 to Apr 2026. The system did not report required information on time.

What the rule requires: The 2021 LCRR updated the 1991 LCR with mandatory lead service line inventories and replacement planning, a new 'trigger level' at 10 ppb requiring optimization, and strengthened public education. The 2024 Lead and Copper Rule Improvements (LCRI) further requires replacing all lead service lines within 10 years.

Other Violation: 3 violations, Jul 2020 to Sep 2023. A requirement other than monitoring, reporting, or a contaminant limit, such as public notice or the annual water quality report.

What the rule requires: Community water systems must deliver an annual water quality report (Consumer Confidence Report) to all customers by July 1, covering the previous year. It must list all detected contaminants, compare them to MCLs, identify source water, and include educational language about lead. A violation means the report was not delivered on time or was incomplete.